We the people in the East think that European or American or people of other western countries are very honest, and laborious, but exceptions are every where and when greed and temptation of wealth prevails dishonesty and corruption makes its place. Similarly, temptation and greed of money made the giant German auto-manufacturing company Volkswagon so dishonest that shook the world of automobiles. On September 18, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a notice of violation of clean air act to Volkswagon group. after it was found that automakers had intentionally programmed turbocharged direct injection (TDI) diesel engines to activate certain emission controls only during laboratory emissions testing. The programming caused the vehicles' nitrogen oxide output to meet US standards during regulatory laboratory testing, but produce 40 times higher nitrogen oxide output in the real-world driving. An estimated 11 million cars worldwide and 500,000 in the US produced between model year 2009 to 2015, included this programming. The software (Defeat Device) installed in the volkswagons company's manufactured cars, incidentally. During 2012, an Indian-born American researcher from American West Virginia University conducted a study that the diesel vehicles made by different companies emit how much dangerous gases when driven on roads. Portable equipment were installed in vehicle driven on roads to test the emission of gases. They found that the diesel vehicle manufactured by Volkswagon company emit dangerous gases in larger amount, though they could not find the defeat device installed in the cars. However, afterwards, the device was detected by EPA. This was a great case of fraud, cheating and greed of money that injured the goodwill of the company in the world and lost the confidence of customers in their vehicles.
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